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The Symphony No. 70 in D major, Hoboken 1/70, was written by Joseph Haydn to mark the start of construction of a new opera house on the Eszterháza estate. It was premiered on December 18, 1779 — one of the few Haydn symphonies where the exact premiere date is known.〔Brown, A. Peter, ''The Symphonic Repertoire'' (Volume 2). Indiana University Press (ISBN 025333487X), pp. 176-178 (2002).〕 ==Form== The work is in standard four-movement form and is scored for flute, two oboes, bassoon, two horns, two trumpets, timpani and strings. The first draft had neither trumpet and timpani parts; Haydn added those later.〔Antony Hodgson, ''The Music of Joseph Haydn: The Symphonies''. London: The Tantivy Press (1976): 99. "Haydn added the trumpet and timpani parts later but they are moulded into the texture in an eminently skilful manner and their omission would be unthinkable (although, unfortunately, not unheard-of)."〕 #Vivace con brio, 3/4 #Specie d'un canone in contrapunto doppio Andante, 2/4 #Allegretto, 3/4 #Allegro con brio, 4/4 The first movement is a sonata form allegro in 3/4 time, dominated by a motif established in the opening bars and consisting of two descending pairs of notes, firmly establishing the home key by using only notes in the D major triad. The exposition is marked for repeat, as are the development and recapitulation. The development begins with dissonant unison C-naturals〔 for the woodwinds and strings and the rest of the development consists mainly of sustained notes for the woodwinds and opening descending pairs of notes in three-part counterpoint in the strings. In the recapitulation, the second half of the first theme group is heard in canon.〔 The second movement is a double variation canon in the form ABA1B1A2, beginning and ending in the minor. The minor episodes are in double-inverted counterpoint, while the major episodes are homophonic.〔 The third movement returns to the major key in a minuet with trio. As somewhat of a surprise, fairly unique in Haydn's symphonic minuets, "a coda which is immensely affirmative" is added for the da capo repeat of the minuet.〔(Hodgson, 1976): 100〕 The final movement, in D minor is structured in an ABABA form. The A section begins hesitantly with a five note motif of repeated Ds, initially pianissimo, but quickly erupting into a "triple () fugue of real power."〔HC Robbins Landon. ''Haydn Symphonies'' (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1966), p. 33.〕 The B section is contrapuntal section with a singular theme somewhat based on the A section motif beginning with a fugue like opening. This is developed at length and then winds down leading to a short restatement of the A section and an even shorter restatement of the B section. The movement finishes with a playful modified version of the A section in D major. The movement ends on a single tonic note tutti. As all of the movements have the same tonic, the work is homotonal. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Symphony No. 70 (Haydn)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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